My Analysis and Criticism:
As you scroll down the page you'll find a hierarchical pyramid which presumably portrays the casta system in Colonial Mexico (and the rest of Spanish America). Yes, they are partially correct. But they fail in their attempts to properly categorize the black race and their descendants. Beginning with Mulatoes (Mulatos in Spanish).
Yes, at the top of the pyramid were the Peninsulares, the Spaniards born in Spain. Below the hierarchy were the Criollos, the Spanish born in the Americas.
But the the third tier shit goes awfully wrong!
Mestizos were never at the same level as Mulatos.
Mestizos are people who are a mix of Spanish and Indian. Mulatos are people who are a mix of Spanish and black.
Their pyramid is therefore incorrect! The Spaniards clearly put the Indian above the black. So much so that it was in reality illegal to enslave the Indians where it was perfectly legal to enslave blacks. Yes I know! You will read and hear stories, some may have a historical basis to them, about Indians being enslaved. But what you will not read nor hear are historical factual accounts of Queen Isabela and the Catholic Church making it illegal to enslave the natives whereas they allowed the slavery of blacks. So, regardless of whether there was or wasn't enslavement of the natives, both the Spanish Crown and the Catholic Church prohibited it. Any enslavement of the natives that existed was against the law whereas any enslavement of blacks was perfectly legal!
Now, taking those facts into account any prudent person can surmise that the Spanish Crown and the Catholic Church put Indians above blacks. Therefore a mix of Spanish and Indian (Mestizo) was automatically placed above a mix of Spanish and black (Mulato). This preference for Indian over black can clearly be seen in Latin America where the majority of the people are Mestizo.
With the preceding facts in mind any astute student will see that the pyramid on the web page is incorrect. Mestizos and Mulatoes were not seen as equal and were not in the same level in the casta system.
Truth be said, blacks were at the very bottom of the casta system and the more black a person had in his background the lower the person ranked. Therefore a Mulatoe who was half black could never be ranked at the same level as a Mestizo who was half Indian.
Anyone who disagrees with me may do a more thorough research and eventually you will agree with me. Even if you do not like it.
https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/us-history/precontact-and-early-colonial-era/spanish-colonization/a/spanish-empire-lesson-summary